1. pom.xml 添加:
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
    <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
    <version>1.4.199</version>
</dependency>
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  1. SpringBoot 配置:
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
    # url: jdbc:h2:file:./db/test       # 以本地文件存储数据的方式使用H2数据库
    # 以内存方式使用数据库(这里会创建一个数据库名为 test 的数据库实例)
    url: jdbc:h2:mem:test
    username: sa
    password: sa
  h2:
    console:
      # 是否允许网页访问,默认false
      enabled: true
      # h2数据库的访问路径:http://localhost:8080/h2(默认为/h2-console)
      path: /h2
      settings:
        # 是否允许从其他地方访问,还是只允许从本地访问
        web-allow-others: true
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  1. 启动SpringBoot程序。

  2. 打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:8080/h2

出现连接界面,特别注意:JDBC URL参数,SpringBoot默认为 jdbc:h2:~/test ,需要修改为SpringBoot配置文件一致的参数。

image

# H2 数据库 URL 说明

H2 官网文档地址 (opens new window)

数据库支持多种连接模式和连接设置,不同的连接模式和连接设置是通过不同的URL来区分的,URL中的设置是不区分大小写。

Topic URL Format and Examples
嵌入式(本地)连接 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:[file:][<path>]<databaseName>
jdbc:h2:~/test
jdbc:h2:file:/data/sample
jdbc:h2:file:C:/data/sample (Windows only)
内存数据库(私有) (opens new window) jdbc:h2:mem:
内存数据库(被命名) (opens new window) jdbc:h2:mem:<databaseName>
jdbc:h2:mem:test_mem
使用TCP/IP的服务器模式(远程连接) (opens new window) jdbc:h2:tcp://<server>[:<port>]/[<path>]<databaseName>
jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/test
jdbc:h2:tcp://dbserv:8084/~/sample
使用SSL/TLS的服务器模式(远程连接) (opens new window) jdbc:h2:ssl://<server>[:<port>]/<databaseName>
jdbc:h2:ssl://secureserv:8085/~/sample;
使用加密文件 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;CIPHER=[AES|XTEA]
jdbc:h2:ssl://secureserv/~/testdb;CIPHER=AES
jdbc:h2:file:~/secure;CIPHER=XTEA
文件锁 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;FILE_LOCK={NO|FILE|SOCKET}
jdbc:h2:file:~/quickAndDirty;FILE_LOCK=NO
jdbc:h2:file:~/private;CIPHER=XTEA;FILE_LOCK=SOCKET
仅打开存在的数据库 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;IFEXISTS=TRUE
jdbc:h2:file:~/sample;IFEXISTS=TRUE
当虚拟机退出时并不关闭数据库 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE
用户名和密码 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>[;USER=<username>][;PASSWORD=<value>]
jdbc:h2:file:~/sample;USER=sa;PASSWORD=123
更新记入索引 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;LOG=2
jdbc:h2:file:~/sample;LOG=2
调试跟踪项设置 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;TRACE_LEVEL_FILE=<level 0..3>
jdbc:h2:file:~/sample;TRACE_LEVEL_FILE=3
忽略位置参数设置 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;IGNORE_UNKNOWN_SETTINGS=TRUE
指定文件读写模式 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;ACCESS_MODE_LOG=rws;ACCESS_MODE_DATA=rws
在Zip文件中的数据库 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:zip:<zipFileName>!/<databaseName>
jdbc:h2:zip:~/db.zip!/test
兼容模式 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;MODE=<databaseType>
jdbc:h2:~/test;MODE=MYSQL
自动重连接 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;AUTO_RECONNECT=TRUE
jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/test;AUTO_RECONNECT=TRUE
自动混合模式 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;AUTO_SERVER=TRUE
jdbc:h2:~/test;AUTO_SERVER=TRUE
更改其他设置 (opens new window) jdbc:h2:<url>;<setting>=<value>[;<setting>=<value>...]
jdbc:h2:file:~/sample;TRACE_LEVEL_SYSTEM_OUT=3
  1. 使用 JAVA 代码的方式启动tcp h2数据库
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.h2.tools.Server;

import java.sql.SQLException;

@Slf4j
public class H2Server {

    private static Server server;

    private static final String port = "9999";

    public static void start() throws SQLException {
        server = Server.createTcpServer(new String[]{"-tcp", "-tcpAllowOthers", "-ifNotExists", "-tcpPort", port})
                .start();
        log.info(server.getURL());
    }

    public static void stop(){
        if(server != null){
            server.stop();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            H2Server.start();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
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Q: 应用程序连接时如何配置?

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
    url: jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost:9999/./h2/test;AUTO_SERVER=TRUE;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE;MODE=MYSQL
    username: sa
    password:
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